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In musical composition, the Opus number is the "work number" that is assigned to a composition, or to a set of compositions, to indicate the chronological order of the composer's production. Historically, although composers have inconsistently applied the opus number to their works, besides numeric cataloging, opus numbers are used to distinguish among compositions with similar titles. To indicate the specific place of a given work within a music catalogue, the Opus number is paired with a cardinal number; for example, Beethoven's Piano Sonata No. 14 in C-sharp minor (1801) (nicknamed ''Moonlight Sonata'') is "Opus 27, No. 2", which work-number identifies it as a companion piece to "Opus 27, No. 1" (Piano Sonata No. 13 in E-flat major, 1800–01), paired in same opus number, with both being subtitled ''Sonata quasi una Fantasia'', the only two of the kind in all of Beethoven's 32 piano sonatas. Furthermore, the ''Piano Sonata, op. 27 N° 2, in C-sharp minor'' is also catalogued as "Sonata No. 14", because it is the fourteenth sonata composed by Ludwig van Beethoven. Given composers' inconsistent assignment of opus-numbers, especially during the Baroque era (1600–1750) and the Classical era (1750–1827), musicologists developed other catalogue-number systems; among them the ''Bach-Werke-Verzeichnis'' (BWV-number), and the ''Köchel-Verzeichnis'' (K- and KV -numbers) with which are organised the works of Johann Sebastian Bach and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, respectively. ==Etymology== In the classical period, the Latin word ''opus'' ("work", "labour") was used to identify, list, and catalogue a work of art.〔Lewis and Short, ''A Latin Dictionary'', s.v. "(opus )".〕 By the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, Italian and German composers respectively used the word ''opus'' to denote a musical composition and collections of music. In compositional practise, numbering musical works in chronological order dates from seventeenth-century Italy, especially Venice. In common usage, the word ''Opus'' is used to describe the best work of an artist with the term ''magnum opus''.〔''Oxford English Dictionary'', s.v. "(opus )".〕 Etymologically, the words ''opus'' (singular) and ''opera'' (plural) are related to the Latin words ''opera'' (singular) and ''operae'' (plural), the ancestor of the Italian words ''opera'' (singular) and ''opere'' (plural). In English usage, besides the word ''opus'', the word ''opera'' occasionally was used to identify a musical work; yet, in contemporary usage, the word ''opera'' denotes the dramatic musical genre of opera, which was developed in Italy.〔''Oxford English Dictionary'', s.v. "(opera, n. 1 )", "(opera, n. 2 )"〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「opus number」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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